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Postmodernism

The Subtle Trap of the Messianic Meme (Think About This)

by Carter Phipps

Our society is very familiar with apocalyptic thinking—especially when it comes clothed in religious garb. Indeed, it seems that every few years another date for the rapture or end of the world or the return of Christ is set, anticipation reaches a fever pitch, and then the day goes by with no noticeable change in our global social order. Then speculation dies down for some time before another date is set by yet another religious leader filled with messianic conviction. But religions are not the only place we find such convictions. In his latest blog posts, EnlightenNext Executive Editor Carter Phipps argues that messianic thinking has become quite attractive in progressive circles as well, where so many people believe that we are reaching some sort of culmination of history and that we need some sort of era-defining event to pave the way to a new future. He calls our attention to the dangers of this way of thinking and suggests that the hype around 2012 as the final year on the Mayan calendar is just the latest example:

2012 is the progressive version of traditional eschatological thinking. It’s the idea that an event is going to occur that is dramatically outside the normal processes of history and change everything, lifting the majority of humanity to a higher level of consciousness and creating a more enlightened future. There are darker versions as well, where a sort of mini-apocalypse has to occur before we get to the better side of the future, but generally 2012 represents a positive version of eschatological thinking. It’s a more benign strain, we might say, but it’s still the same basic song, just a prettier arrangement.

Read part one of this post, “Apocalypse Now, Progressive Style.”

Read part two of this post, “No More Messiahs (Part II).”

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Worldviews in Dialogue 1. Superman Explores His Sensitive Side

by Carter Phipps

In this new series, Worldviews in Dialogue, we want to explore the interior nature of different historical worldviews, comparing and contrasting the values, perspective, and the quality of consciousness intrinsic to different types of worldviews both in contemporary, and sometimes ancient, culture. We hope to use art, literature, pop culture, media and just about every other form of cultural expression to illustrate the ever-fascinating differences between these deep underlying structures of consciousness that have informed the evolution of human culture.

Modernism and Postmodernism. We use these words a lot on this blog to talk about the difference between two worldviews, two fundamentally different sets of values, two historically different ways in which human beings have constructed the world around them and made meaning. And whether we’re talking about Spiral Dynamics, Integral Philosophy, developmental psychology, or some other school of thought or research that identifies the critical importance of worldviews in the evolution of consciousness and culture, it is important to have a deep understanding of exactly what makes up the differences between these two stages of culture.

Of course, when we’re talking about such broad yet fundamental distinctions, the differences express themselves in myriad ways but are not always exact or perfectly clear cut. Yet as culture has changed over the last hundreds of years we know that there are certainly real differences between the values and perspective of a modern worldview that emerged on the cultural scene in the European Enlightenment and the values and perspective of a postmodern one that has been on the mainstream cultural stage since the 60s.

Modernism calls to mind things like scientific insight, reason and rationality, nation-states, industrialization, democracy, Newtonian physics, etc. The postmodern worldview calls to mind environmentalism, political correctness, pluralism and equality, respect for marginalized peoples and indigenous cultures, the breakdown of hierarchy, self-awareness and self-exploration, etc. Continue reading…

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Spirituality in Public (Quote of the Week)

by Andrew Cohen

If you begin to evolve spiritually, at a certain point you awaken to a moral imperative. You discover an inner compulsion to live for a higher purpose and to actually to do it in public. This is quite a radical stance to take in the midst of postmodern culture. Much of postmodern popular spirituality is seen as a very personal, private matter. Rebelling against the outdated mores of traditional religion, many of us have declared we no longer want to be part of some organized, moral teaching from on high that tells us how to live. In the age of the individual, spirituality is a private, secret path and it’s not something we talk about in public because it’s not something that a culture that champions materialism and narcissism gives much validity to.

Evolutionary spirituality, however, is another step forward. In an evolutionary context we live our spiritual lives in public, because we have realized that our development is not a personal matter. If we are interested in the future, it’s not about me; it’s about we. Evolutionary spirituality is about where we are going. So now, instead of the personal, private, interior path of the lone individual, spiritual development becomes something we practice in public, because it’s about creating the future for all of us.

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Boy and Girl Brains?

by Elizabeth Debold

This past weekend, I had the pleasure to meet two teen girls adopted from China by friends of mine. The girls are poised between childhood and adulthood where the big questions—who am I? What am I going to make of my life?—are looming. During a conversation, someone mentioned something about “girl brains.” The phrase went by quickly, and I almost didn’t notice it. Then one of the girls asked directly: “Are the differences between the sexes biological or cultural?”

After our conversation, I began to wonder: how does this popular notion that women and men have different brains affect these girls’ ambitions, hopes, and dreams? Despite all of the celebration of how great the female brain is—how it will be much more useful in the world of the future—it seemed that she had already begun to wonder if she had gotten the lesser version. She’s smart: she’s perfectly capable of deducing that there is a connection between the gap between men and women in positions of leadership and the much-touted difference between male and female brains. This gap is certainly something that we all have to grapple with. But it’s not simply caused by innate brain differences between women and men. In fact, the whole notion of innate, genetically programmed, immutable, hard-wired brain differences between males and females is suspect–at least to the degree that is presented in popular media.

Oh, yes, I know. At this point, it’s widely understood that contemporary neuroscience has proven the existence of hard-wired differences between females and males that directly relate to the gender differences we see in the world. We’ve got Louann Brizendine writing The Female Brain (2006) and, more recently, The Male Brain (2010). Simon Baron Cohen’s The Essential Difference (2003) argues that autism is an effect of the “extreme male brain.” Or even books like Why Men Never Remember and Women Never Forget (2005) by Marianne Legato. Not to mention the classic Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus. (And then there are all those hormones!) Most aware adults these days have come to accept the fact that these differences are a fact, even if we might find it a bit troubling. It all lines up: the world is as it is, neurology has proven that women and men have dramatically different brains, and every new discovery in evolutionary psychology shows us why these differences were advantageous to the evolution of the species.

We roll our eyes when we hear that in the nineteenth century earnest doctors (all men) presented evidence that thinking or intellectual stimulation caused the womb to wither. How archaic! We smile knowingly when we are told that it was believed that because women’s skulls were smaller, hips broader, etc. etc. that meant that women should stay at home and raise children. While it is easy for us to fall into grumbling ruminations about oppression, it’s far more interesting to take a wide-angle view. In the modern era’s split between the public world (the economy, politics, science, academia, law) and the private world (the home), society became gendered. Women were mistresses of the domestic sphere and men, well, masters of the universe. Continue reading…

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Are Women Leading the Way? (Think About This)

by Elizabeth Debold

Are women leading the way at the forefront of culture, or still struggling beneath the weight of historical discrimination? While young women are attending college in higher numbers than young men, and women now constitute more of the workforce, the numbers of women in leadership positions at the top of business and academic worlds still aren’t budging and, according to some leading women who have their eyes on the horizon, they aren’t going to any time soon. In the following excerpt from “The Puzzle of Postmodern Women’s Leadership,” the most recent blog post for EvolveWomen, EnlightenNext senior editor Elizabeth Debold explores the role that women will need to play in order to create a new culture:

“Popular thinking holds that women have the inside track to a way of working and living that is attentive to relationship, less exploitative in general, and more nurturing; in other words, women, simply by expressing the values that come from our responsibilities as caretakers, are going to change the world. But how will this be realized without actual women taking up the very real challenge of leading?

…For us women, the precious and creative blessing of agency—the capacity to choose our direction—is wrapped up in millennia old habits that lead us away from the daring needed to change culture at the deepest level. That’s what it’s going to take. Not a superficial change but a profound one, at the level of our most fundamental motivations. This is not cosmetic surgery. It’s spiritual surgery. And the end result will be the evolution of who we are as women.”

To read the full post, click here.

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Meditations on Zengotita’s Mediated

by Elizabeth Debold

Thomas de Zengotita’s 2005 stealth bomb Mediated: How the Media Shapes Our World and the Way We Live in It leaves a permanent crater in your consciousness–after reading it, you awaken to a haunting perspective on the narcissistic self-referentiality of postmodern media culture. You know what I mean: the world where reality TV isn’t and yet is creating reality at the same time; or where authenticity is a brand for those who dare to be real… We pegged the book as an instant classic–time will tell, but at this point it is far too underappreciated. We have considered ourselves very fortunate to have Tom write for us on occasion (check here or read a review of Mediated.) We had followed his writing since the days that he wrote–crafted?–lengthy breakthrough pieces for Harper’s magazine before it joined the Political Correctness brigade (several decades late, I might add). Here’s a video that gives you a sense of the man and what he cares about:

I’ve been thinking a lot about Tom and the dilemma of authenticity that we postmoderns face. So, when I saw a video of a young housewife–deemed “normal” on a battery of psychological tests–who is given LSD as part of an experiment in the mid-twentieth century, I was struck by the UNmediated quality of her experience as her mind is opened to the cosmos through this powerful drug. The innocence and beauty that she transmits through her experience is something that would, indeed, become mediated in the thrill-seeking, mind-altering 60s and 70s. But here, in pristine form, is a young woman waking to cosmic unity for the first time and, in the process, validating another dimension of reality that is far more than the habits of mind that create us as separate individuals.

I wonder what Tom de Zengotita would think?

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Relative truth vs. Eternal Truth

by Bergen Vermette

In this video Traleg Kyabgon Rinpoche offers a compelling example of what we might call an Integral approach to spirituality.

He points out that there are many ways to communicate Eternal Truth, but that it’s important to use language that people can understand. He advocates “using reason as modernists would do, but at the same time accepting the post-modernist view that much of our knowledge is socially conditioned.” Both must be incorporated, he says, and more.

In addition, the Rinpoche argues that though we may recognize these different ways of communicating and knowing, we must resist collapsing into a relativism that denies higher morals or truth. On the contrary, it’s possible to recognize all these differences and still accept an Eternal Truth, beyond the relative.

What is Eternal Truth then? As the Rinpoche describes it: An Eternal Truth is such that if every living being on this planet were dead – it would still be True.

If you’d like to hear more from Traleg Kyabgon Rinpoche please join him with Spiritual visionary Andrew Cohen on EnlightenNext’s two-day Being & Becoming Virtual Retreat, this February 19-20.

Andrew Cohen is also holding a live global teleconference on “A New Path to Spiritual Awakening” this Saturday, February 12. Click here if you’d like to join. Registration is free.

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A Kind of Innocence We’d Never Seen Before

by Ross Robertson

[From the archives... This article from EnlightenNext Issue 25 is one of my favorites from the mag, and I thought I'd share it today in remembrance of John Lennon. --T.H.]

A Kind of Innocence We’d Never Seen Before
Thoughts on the Grateful Dead, the Beatles, and Collective Consciousness
by Ross Robertson

Suddenly people were stripped before one another and behold! as we looked on, we all made a great discovery: we were beautiful. Naked and helpless and sensitive as a snake after skinning, but far more human than that shining nightmare that had stood creaking in previous parade rest. We were alive and life was us. We joined hands and danced barefoot amongst the rubble. We had been cleansed, liberated! We would never don the old armors again.
–Ken Kesey, Garage Sale

Continue reading…

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Women and the Evolution of Culture (Think About This)

by Joel Pitney


As a passionate activist in the women’s liberation movement for nearly two decades, EnlightenNext’s Elizabeth Debold has developed a deep understanding of the spiritual challenges faced by women on the leading edge. In the following quote, she shares her vision for the new role that women can play in the future evolution of culture: Continue reading…

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Will the Apocalypse Ever Come?

by Joel Pitney

Apocalyptic thinking has been in the noosphere lately. I don’t mean headlines about the potentially devastating effects of climate change or another economic collapse. In the past week, I’ve seen a couple of blogs and articles online that take a very critical look at the extreme ways that we often tend to view the future: either naively utopian or cynically apocalyptic, and suggest that we need to find a more mature way to approach both the challenges and potentials facing humanity today. Right on!

First, I was very happy to see that the article “2013: Or, What to Do When the Apocalypse Doesn’t Arrive” by Gary Lachman—one of my all-time favorite EnlightenNext pieces—was featured on the hugely popular blog Boing Boing last week. Continue reading…

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